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Introduction to Turbulence Modeling Free-Stream Turbulence The free stream turbulence affects the skin friction coefficient. The
mixing length model can not predict such effects.
The
Turbulent Channel Flow (Rodi, 1980) Distribution of mean velocity and turbulence quantities in fully
developed two-dimensional channel flows was predicted by Rodi (1980)
using an algebraic stress model
(a modified
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model does a
reasonable job in predicting the increase of skin friction coefficient with
the free stream turbulence.
model)
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